Iimfihlo zokugcinwa kwebhetri yemoto yamandla amatsha: imikhwa yokutshaja imisela ubomi bebhetri

Intliziyo yezithuthi zamandla amatsha ngokungathandabuzekiyo ibhetri.Ukusuka kwimbono yobugcisa, ibhetri ayigxininisi kuphela ubomi bemoto, kodwa ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi benkonzo yonke yesithuthi.Njengoko ubomi besithuthi bukhula, ukusebenza kwebhetri iyancipha kancinane kwaye ekugqibeleni kungafuneka kutshintshwe, kwaye le nkqubo ihlala ikhatshwa ziindleko eziphezulu. Ngoko ke, ukuhlakulela imikhwa elungileyo yokutshaja kubalulekile ekwandiseni ubomi bebhetri!

Namhlanje, makhe sikunike inzululwazi edumileyo, indlela yokubiza ukwenza ibhetri yemoto yamandla entsha ibe nde.

01 I-lithium iron phosphate kunye neebhetri ze-lithium ze-ternary: ukuthelekiswa kweebhetri ezimbini zamandla

Okwangoku, iintlobo ezimbini zeebhetri zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwintsimi yezithuthi zamandla amatsha: iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate kunye neebhetri ze-ternary lithium. Ibhetri ye-lithium yenziwe nge-nickel, i-cobalt, i-manganese (okanye i-aluminiyam) kunye ne-lithium.I-electrode engeyiyo yazo zombini iibhetri yigraphite, kwaye icandelo eliphambili le-electrolyte yabo yi-lithium hexafluorophosphate.

Iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate zibalasele kuqoqosho lwazo, ukuqina, ukhuseleko oluphezulu kunye nokumelana nobushushu. i-non-toxic kunye nokusingqongileyo.Emva kwe-2000 intlawulo epheleleyo kunye nemijikelo yokukhupha, umthamo webhetri ye-lithium ye-phosphate ye-iron isenokugcinwa ngaphezu kwe-80%.Ukongezelela, nakwimeko yomonakalo wangaphakathi okanye wangaphandle, iibhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate. Ayizukudubula, ibonisa uzinzo oluphezulu kakhulu lokhuseleko. Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu afikelela kuma-500 degrees celcius, ngokuchaseneyo, ukumelana nobushushu bebhetri ye-lithium ye-ternary imalunga nama-200 degrees Celsius, nto leyo eyenza uzinzo lwebhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate kwindawo ephezulu. iqondo lobushushu bugqwesileyo ngakumbi.

Iibhetri ze-lithium ze-ternary ziyaziwa ngokuxinana kwamandla aphezulu, ukutshaja okugqwesileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweqondo lokushisa eliphantsi. Okwangoku, uxinano lwamandla ebhetri ye-lithium ye-ternary ngokubanzi idlula i-240Wh / kg, kwaye inamandla okunyuka ukuya kwi-300Wh / kg kwixesha elizayo. Ukongeza, iqonga lombane leebhetri ze-ternary lithium liphezulu kunelo leebhetri ze-lithium iron phosphate.

Phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphantsi kakhulu, obufana nokuthabatha i-20°C, ibhetri ye-lithium ye-terpolymer isenokugcina ngaphezulu kwe-70% yomthamo wokukhupha, ngelixa ibhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo ukukhutshelwa kuyancipha ukuya malunga ne-55%. ibonisa ukuba ukusebenza kweebhetri ze-lithium ze-ternary ziphezulu kumaqondo aphantsi.

02 Iimfihlo zokutshaja ibhetri ubomi obude

1. Ukuvula iibhetri yimpazamo

Abanye abanikazi basenokuba bevile ukuba imoto esanda kuthengwa kufuneka isebenze ibhetri yayo ngeeseshoni ezintathu ezilandelelanayo "zokukhutshwa okupheleleyo" ezingaphezulu kweeyure ze-12. Eli bango livela kwigama lobugcisa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa ibhetri-ukwenziwa kwebhetri. Enyanisweni, eli nyathelo. yenziwa ngumenzi phambi kokuba ibhetri ishiye umzi-mveliso, ngoko ke umnini akanyanzelekanga ukuba aphinde inkqubo.

2. Ukutshaja ngexesha: Kuphephe ukudinwa kwebhetri

Ukugcina amandla ebhetri ye-lithium kuluhlu lwe-20% ukuya kwi-90% kunokwandisa ngokufanelekileyo ubomi benkonzo yebhetri.Ngoko ke, xa intlawulo yemoto yakho ihla ukuya kwi-20% ukuya kwi-35%, kufuneka ulungiselele ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza.Kuphephe ukukhangela imfumba yokutshaja xa amandla ephantsi kakhulu, nto leyo engayi kwandisa nje ixhala lokukhangela iindawo zokutshaja, kodwa iphinde ibangele umonakalo omkhulu kwimpilo yebhetri.

3. Ukutshaja kakhulu akufuneki

Uninzi lwezikhululo zokutshaja, ngakumbi izikhululo zokutshaja ezikhawulezayo zeDC, zinciphisa ngokuzenzekela okwangoku xa ibhetri ifikelela malunga ne-90 ukuya kwi-95 yeepesenti, ingena kwindawo ebizwa ngokuba yi "trickle charging", apho izinga lokutshaja liyehla kakhulu. Ukuba uhlala uvumela ibhetri izalise ukuya kwi-100%, unokubangela umonakalo ongadingekile kwibhetri.Ngoko ke, ngaphandle kokuba ufuna ukwandisa umgama wokuqhuba, kucetyiswa ukuba ubeke umda wokutshaja ungabi ngaphezu kwe-90%, enokukhusela ngakumbi ibhetri kunye nokwandisa ubomi bayo.

03 Isikhokelo sokutshaja imihla ngemihla: Amanqaku aphambili ogcino lwebhetri akanakungahoywa

Nokuba yibhetri ye-lithium iron phosphate okanye ibhetri ye-ternary lithium, iimoto zamandla amatsha kufuneka zilandele ezi zikhokelo zilandelayo xa zitshaja mihla le:

1. Kuphephe ukutshaja ubushushu obuphezulu

Ubushushu obuphezulu bendawo bunefuthe elibi kubomi bebhetri.Kumaxesha obushushu obuphezulu njengehlobo, kufuneka ukhethe indawo yokutshaja ekhusela ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo.Ngaphambi kokutshaja, cima isithuthi imizuzu eyi-10 ukuvumela ubushushu bebhetri bunciphe ngokwemvelo, kwaye emva koko uqalise inkqubo yokutshaja.

2. Nokuba awusoloko uqhuba, iimoto zamandla amatsha kufuneka zihlawulwe rhoqo

Ngokufika kwehlobo, abanye abanini-moto banokukhetha ukumisa izithuthi zabo kwindawo ekhuselekileyo nenomthunzi. Nangona kunjalo, nasi isikhumbuzo: xa isithuthi sakho samandla esitsha singasetyenziswanga ixesha elide, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba ibhetri igcwele ngokupheleleyo. ihlawulwe phambi kokupaka. Ukushiya ibhetri iphantsi ixesha elide kunokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwamandla ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo eyenza bufutshane ubomi bebhetri.

Xa ibhetri ixesha elide lingasebenzi, kunokwenzeka ukuba lonakaliswe. Ngoko ke, ukuze kugcinwe impilo yebhetri yepakethi, nokuba isithuthi asisoloko sisetyenziswa, kufuneka sihlawulwe rhoqo.